{"id":4279,"date":"2024-05-03T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-03T03:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opengis.vn\/?p=4279"},"modified":"2024-05-24T16:44:45","modified_gmt":"2024-05-24T09:44:45","slug":"gioi-thieu-ve-ve-tinh-sentinel-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/opengis.vn\/en\/blog\/gioi-thieu-ve-ve-tinh-sentinel-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 v\u1ec7 tinh Sentinel-1"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: T\u00f4 Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1eadt Kh\u00f4i<\/em> –
John D. Nguy\u1ec5n<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Sentinel-1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sentinel-1<\/strong><\/mark> l\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh radar kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/strong> bao g\u1ed3m hai v\u1ec7 tinh quay quanh c\u1ef1c c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y l\u1eabn \u0111\u00eam cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang thu th\u1eadp h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Sentinel-1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh Envisat<\/mark>. Sentinel-1 s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chu\u1ed7i th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Sentinel-1 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong s\u1ed1 n\u0103m s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 ESA \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn Copernicus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Satellite Sentinel-1A<\/mark> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2014 v\u00e0 Sentinel-1B <\/mark>v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2016. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00ean t\u00ean l\u1eeda Soyuz t\u1eeb S\u00e2n bay v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u1edf Guiana, Ph\u00e1p. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Sentinel-1B \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2021. Sentinel-1C<\/mark> hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2024. <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
H\u00ecnh 1. V\u1ec7 tinh Sentinel-1.
(Ngu\u1ed3n: ESA)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
\"\"
H\u00ecnh 2. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Sentinel-1.
(Ngu\u1ed3n: ESA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Sentinel-1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
TT<\/th>Th\u00f4ng tin nhanh<\/th>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
1 <\/td>Ng\u00e0y ra m\u1eaft Sentinel-1A (Lunch date<\/em>)
Ng\u00e0y ra m\u1eaft Sentinel-1B (Lunch date<\/em>)<\/td>		3\/4\/2014
25\/4\/2016 (end: 3\/8\/2022)<\/td><\/tr>
2 <\/td>Qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o (Orbit<\/em>)<\/td>\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/td><\/tr>
3 <\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 cao qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o (Altitude<\/em>)<\/td>693 km<\/td><\/tr>
4 <\/td>G\u00f3c nghi\u00eang (Inclination<\/em>)<\/td>98.18\u00b0<\/td><\/tr>
5<\/td>Chu k\u1ef3 l\u1eb7p (Cycle\/Revisit<\/em>)<\/td>12 ng\u00e0y\/1 v\u1ec7 tinh
6 ng\u00e0y\/2 v\u1ec7 tinh
175 orbits\/chu k\u1ef3<\/td><\/tr>
6<\/td>Gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (Local time<\/em>)<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
7<\/td>S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh (Mission<\/em>)<\/td>Ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh radar kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
8<\/td>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i k\u00e8m (Payload instruments<\/em>)<\/td>C-SAR<\/strong> (C-band: 5.405 GHz)<\/td><\/tr>
9<\/td>C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c (Polarisation<\/em>)<\/td>HH+HV, VV+VH, VV, HH<\/td><\/tr>
10<\/td>Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (Design lifetime<\/em>)<\/td>7 n\u0103m<\/td><\/tr>
11<\/td>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Mass<\/em>)<\/td>2,300 kg (bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c anten)<\/td><\/tr>
12<\/td>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc (Dimensions<\/em>)<\/td>3.9m x 2.6m x 2.5m (c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o)<\/td><\/tr>
13<\/td>C\u01a1 quan kh\u00f4ng gian (Space agency<\/em>)<\/td>ESA<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh Sentinel-1 mang m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb radar kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u0103ng t\u1ea7n C (C-band synthetic aperture radar: C-SAR<\/em>) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 trung t\u00e2m 5.405 GHz<\/strong>. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb C-SAR<\/mark> h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c k\u00e9p (VV+VH ho\u1eb7c HH+HV) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 hai chu\u1ed7i thu song song cho ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c H v\u00e0 V. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c k\u00e9p r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u0103ng bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ec7 tinh Sentinel (Operational modes)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Sentinel-1 cung c\u1ea5p l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

STT <\/th>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 (Mode) <\/th>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i<\/th>Ph\u1ea1m vi (Swath) <\/th>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch <\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
1 <\/td>Strip Map (SM) Mode<\/em><\/strong> 
Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 d\u1ea3i <\/td>		5m x 5m<\/td>80km<\/td>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p \u1edf d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n (HH ho\u1eb7c VV) ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c k\u00e9p (HH + HV ho\u1eb7c VV + VH) <\/td><\/tr>
2 <\/td>Interferometric Wide Swath (IW) Mode<\/em><\/strong> 
Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 D\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng Giao thoa k\u1ebf<\/td>		5m x 20m<\/td>250km<\/td>IW l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p \u0111o giao thoa th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a c\u1ee5m.
Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 IW ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh 03<\/strong> d\u1ea3i <\/strong>b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi SAR qu\u00e9t l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn (TOPSAR). V\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt TOPSAR, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u00f9m tia trong ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u01b0 trong SCANSAR, ch\u00f9m tia c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1eeb l\u00f9i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc theo h\u01b0\u1edbng g\u00f3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb cho m\u1ed7i ch\u00f9m tia, tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n.
Giao thoa k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ed5 Doppler (trong mi\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb) v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 s\u1ed1 s\u00f3ng (trong mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9 cao). K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt TOPSAR \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e9t.<\/td><\/tr>
3 <\/td>Extra Wide Swath (EW) Mode<\/em><\/strong> 
Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 D\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng c\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng<\/td>		20m x 40m<\/td>400km<\/td>EW \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c b\u0103ng v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c, ven bi\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 tr\u00e0n d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u0103ng bi\u1ec3n.
Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 EW ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 IW s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt TOPSAR s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 05 d\u1ea3i <\/strong>ph\u1ee5 thay v\u00ec 03<\/strong>, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (20 m x 40 m). Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 EW c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111o giao thoa nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 IW.<\/td><\/tr>
4 <\/td>Wave (WV) Mode<\/em><\/strong> 
Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 S\u00f3ng<\/td>		5m x 5m<\/td>20km x 20km<\/td>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng, b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edf.
Vi\u1ec7c thu nh\u1eadn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f3ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 d\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 20 km x 20 km, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean tr\u00ean hai g\u00f3c t\u1edbi kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh s\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp c\u1ee9 sau 100 km, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c t\u1edbi c\u00e1ch nhau 200 km.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p \u1edf d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n (HH ho\u1eb7c VV) ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c k\u00e9p (HH + HV ho\u1eb7c VV + VH) .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
H\u00ecnh 3. C\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 (mode) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ec7 tinh Sentinel-1.
(Ngu\u1ed3n: ESA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Data Products)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u Sentinel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/mark> d\u1eef li\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p G\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c (NRT), trong v\u00f2ng ba gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean NRT v\u00e0 trong v\u00f2ng 24 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u1edf \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Sentinel cho Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (SAFE).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed7i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u1edf SAR: C\u1ea5p 0, SLC C\u1ea5p 1, GRD C\u1ea5p 1 v\u00e0 OCN C\u1ea5p 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u1edf d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n (VV ho\u1eb7c HH) cho ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Wave v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c k\u00e9p (VV+VH ho\u1eb7c HH+HV) ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n (HH ho\u1eb7c VV) cho ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 SM, IW v\u00e0 EW.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
H\u00ecnh 4. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Level)
(Ngu\u1ed3n: ESA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Level-0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m SAR Level-0<\/mark> bao g\u1ed3m chu\u1ed7i D\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 SAR (Raw Data<\/em>) th\u00edch \u1ee9ng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9ng linh ho\u1ea1t (FDBAQ) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i n\u00e9n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd SAR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Level-1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u1eef li\u1ec7u Level-1<\/mark> l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Level-1<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng Single Look Complex (SLC)<\/mark> v\u00e0 Ground Range Detected (GRD)<\/mark>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m T\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p nh\u00ecn \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ea5p 1 (Single Look Complex – SLC<\/em>) bao g\u1ed3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u SAR t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 attitude  <\/em>t\u1eeb v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p \u1edf d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi nghi\u00eang b\u1eb1ng zero-Doppler. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed7i chi\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n th\u00f4ng tin pha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t (Ground Range Detected – GRD<\/em>) c\u1ea5p 1 bao g\u1ed3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u SAR t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea1m vi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ellipsoid c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Th\u00f4ng tin pha b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c pixel c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng gian x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 vu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch pixel vu\u00f4ng v\u1edbi v\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1m gi\u1ea3m v\u1edbi c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng gian k\u00e9m h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m GRD c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong ba \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n